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Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an acute and highly contagious upper respiratory disease caused by Gallid alpha herpesvirus type 1 (GaHV-1). ILT has been regarded as a major concern for poultry health and welfare. This virus is easily transmitted by infected birds and fomites.  

This virus is characterized by severe respiratory distress, coughing bloody mucoid exudate, dyspnea, and swollen orbital sinuses in 5-12 days. Mortality may reach 50% in adults and is usually due to occlusion of the trachea by hemorrhage or exudate. Signs of exposure may subside after 2 weeks, although some may show signs for longer periods. 

Following an effective biosecurity plan is essential to prevent the introduction of viral diseases, including ILT. Biosecurity plans must be continually evaluated. An effective biosecurity plan includes site quarantine and hygiene, and restriction of movement of potentially contaminated workers, equipment, feed, vehicles, and birds. Proper disinfectant and litter decontamination should be taken into consideration.  

Good biosecurity practices combined with vaccination are the practical method to control ILTV in the absence of any effective treatment.  Vaccination of ILTV is given at 6 to 8 weeks of age, followed by the booster at 12 to 15 weeks for layers and breeders. Vaksimune ILT is an active vaccine for Infectious Laryngtracheitis of the Hudson strain with the characteristics of not causing side effects, being safe to use, and having long-term stability. These vaccines elicit the immune response by causing infection in the trachea without producing disease. The highest protective immunity is attained from 15 to 20 weeks post-vaccination, which may last over a year and no interference has been reported between ILT and other vaccines if the vaccine interval is more than 2 weeks.